India is preparing to launch a network of 52 surveillance satellites within the next five years as part of a strategic initiative to strengthen its defense forces’ ability to monitor, track, and coordinate during high-risk operations. The announcement was made by Mr. Pawan Kumar Goenka, Chairman of the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe), during his address at the Global Space Exploration Conference 2025.
This large-scale satellite rollout is designed to enhance space-based intelligence gathering, enabling the Indian Army, Navy, and Air Force to effectively observe enemy movements and secure the nation’s borders. Mr. Goenka noted that the program would involve significant contributions from both government and private players. Approximately half of these satellites will be developed and launched by private companies, while the rest will be handled by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), creating a robust public-private ecosystem in national space defense.
He also stressed the importance of continuous technological upgrades despite the country’s existing strengths in space surveillance. The decision to further scale these capabilities will rest with the Ministry of Home Affairs and the military leadership.
A significant development accompanying this initiative is the upcoming handover of ISRO’s Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) technology to private sector companies. SSLVs are compact launch systems designed for rapid deployment of small payloads—between 10 and 500 kilograms—into low Earth orbit, particularly useful during emergencies or strategic operations. They are known for their cost efficiency, short preparation time, and minimal infrastructure requirements.
The technology enables multiple satellites to be launched simultaneously and allows for on-demand deployment—an important feature for modern defense strategies. Mr. Goenka confirmed that the formal announcement regarding the SSLV tech transfer could arrive within the next two weeks, opening new opportunities for private space firms while enhancing India’s overall readiness for both surveillance and tactical needs.
This initiative marks a significant leap in India’s defense and space collaboration, positioning the country to play a more assertive role in global space security operations.
