Researchers have estimated that nearly 936 million adults worldwide are affected by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), characterized by interruptions in breathing during sleep, leading to disrupted sleep patterns. Previous studies have associated OSA with an increased risk of various neurological conditions, such as cognitive decline, dementia, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease.
A recent study conducted by the University of California, Irvine, delved into the impact of sleep apnea severity during the rapid eye movement (REM) stage of sleep on verbal memory, particularly among older adults at high risk for Alzheimer’s disease. Published in the journal Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy, the research revealed a negative correlation between sleep apnea events during REM sleep and verbal memory performance.
Verbal memory refers to the ability to recall words in their appropriate context, which is particularly vulnerable to Alzheimer’s disease progression. The study, led by Bryce A. Mander, PhD, examined 81 adults, primarily focusing on those with a genetic predisposition or parental history of Alzheimer’s disease. Verbal memory assessments and polysomnography were conducted, revealing that sleep apnea events during REM sleep had a detrimental effect on verbal memory, especially in high-risk individuals.
The findings suggest the importance of considering the specific brain state during which sleep apnea occurs in understanding its cognitive consequences. This underscores the need to reassess how sleep apnea severity is evaluated and treated, particularly in relation to Alzheimer’s disease risk. Addressing sleep apnea during REM sleep may offer potential avenues for mitigating cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer’s disease.
Dr. Adrian Pristas, a sleep medicine specialist, emphasized the significance of recognizing and treating sleep apnea to prevent adverse effects on cognitive well-being. He stressed the need for increased awareness and comprehensive evaluation of sleep health, especially in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease.
However, Dr. Clifford Segil, a neurologist, highlighted the need for further research to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the relationship between REM sleep and verbal memory. He urged for a deeper understanding of the purpose of REM sleep before attributing pathological conditions to its disruptions, emphasizing the complexity of sleep-related neurological processes.
