India and Japan enjoy a Special Strategic and Global Partnership, a relationship built on deep-rooted civilizational ties, shared cultural values, and centuries of spiritual affinity. As two of Asia’s leading democracies and members of the world’s top five economies, both nations play a significant role in shaping the regional and global order.
Over the years, bilateral ties have steadily evolved. The partnership was first elevated to a Global Partnership in 2000, then to a Strategic and Global Partnership in 2006, and finally to a Special Strategic and Global Partnership in 2014. Since 2006, leaders of both nations have met annually at summits, underscoring the consistent importance of this relationship.
The foundation of India-Japan relations rests on shared trust, common values, and a strategic outlook on pressing regional and international issues. Over the past decade, the scope of cooperation has broadened significantly to include trade and investment, defense and security, advanced technology, innovation, and vibrant people-to-people exchanges. Both countries also regularly engage on global challenges ranging from climate change to maritime security.
Economic collaboration remains a cornerstone of this partnership. Bilateral trade between India and Japan reached USD 22.85 billion during the 2023–24 financial year, reflecting steady growth. Beyond trade, Japan has played an instrumental role in fueling India’s economic development. Between 2000 and 2024, Japan’s foreign direct investment (FDI) into India exceeded USD 43 billion, making Japan the fifth-largest source of FDI for the country. This long-term economic engagement underscores Japan’s role as a trusted partner in India’s growth journey.
Defense cooperation has also grown stronger, with the two nations working closely on maritime security and regional stability. Technology and innovation are another area of focus, where Japan’s expertise and India’s growing capabilities complement each other, fostering collaboration in areas such as digital transformation, clean energy, and infrastructure development.
People-to-people ties have provided further strength to this partnership. Educational exchanges, cultural programs, and tourism continue to deepen mutual understanding and goodwill.
India and Japan’s enduring relationship reflects not only their historical bonds but also their shared aspirations for peace, prosperity, and stability in the Indo-Pacific and beyond.
